國中英語文法單元診斷測驗
 
 
 
祈使句、不定詞、動名詞
本 單元診斷範圍為「祈使句、不定詞、動名詞」的正確使用。本測驗主體部分分為二部分,第一部分為單題式測驗,測驗學生是否了解祈使句、不定詞、動名詞在簡單 句子中的使用;第二部分為綜合式測驗,以測驗學生是否能整合應用於實際情境中。本單元後,均附有說明檔──「試題解析」,按相關連結後,即可了解正確用 法。若有其它問題,請按每頁所附 e-mail 信箱連絡。
 

第一部分:

Harry Potter 在校園中的一棵榕樹下,發現了一本 English Grammar 的魔法書他應該唸什麼咒語才能讓下列動物,完成這些動作呢?

1. 2. 3.

1.    on a ball!

2.    down!

3.    up!

(A) Stand (B) To stand (C) Standing

(A) Sit (B) To sit (C) Sitting

(A) Stand (B) To stand (C) Standing



完成下面九年 A 班公佈欄上的幾則留言:

4. (A) help (B) to help (C) helping

Dear all,
I can't find my Snoopy watch. Does anyone see it? Please  (4)  me! I really love it!

Charlie

5. (A) do (B) to do (C) doing

Jack,
Sorry, I can't have dinner with you today. I have a lot of homework  (5) . I'll call you later.

Rose

6. (A) Take (B) To take (C) Taking

George,
 (6)  the notebook to Miss Tang's office at 9:00 A.M.

Mary

7. (A) join (B) to join (C) joining

Dear all,
We're going to a movie tomorrow night. Who wants  (7)  us?

Linda and Kelly

8. (A) study (B) to study (C) studying

Dear all,
The exam is coming. You need  (8)  hard.

Miss Tang

9. (A) Smoke (B) To smoke (C) Smoking


Dear all,
 (9)  isn't good for you . Don't let your parents worry about your health.

Miss Tang

 



10. You can learn more by    questions.

11. It's dangerous    on the street.

12. I have a    class tomorrow.

13. Mom asks me    the dishes after dinner.

14. Tina enjoys    shopping. She always buys a lot of clothes.

15. John: Excuse me. Do you mind    the window?
Lisa: Not at all.

(A) ask  (B) to ask  (C) asking

(A) play  (B) to play  (C) playing

(A) spell  (B) to spell  (C) spelling

(A) wash  (B) to wash  (C) washing

(A) go  (B) to go  (C) going

(A) open  (B) to open (C) opening


第二部分: 綜合式練習。請依圖片情境及上、下文意,完成下列短文,使文意通順。


 (1)  too much is not healthy. Judy doesn't like  (2)  exercise, but she likes  (3)  junk food. Judy's mom always tells her," Don't  (4)  too much!" Many people don't want  (5)  with her at the party. It's the first time for her  (6)  embarrassed (難為情) . She decides  (7)  exercise and not  (8)  junk food every day.

 

在說明之前,先介紹一個有趣的網站「英語動畫文法」,在這裡可以讓你以欣賞動畫和即時測驗的方式,先了解一下不定詞動名詞的用法。



進入「英語動畫文法」網站

祈使句是表示請求、命令或禁止的句子。第一部分1~3,4,6 題皆有祈使句句型。

祈使句」之所以又叫做「命令句」,就是因為當我們使用「祈使句」時,是向「對方」下命令,或是說「要求對方」做某事,所以「祈使句」的主詞是 you (你、你們),只不過當我們在使用「祈使句」時,you 通常被省略罷了,只留下了原形動詞,所以我們就說「祈使句」的動詞是用「原形動詞」。而 am,are,is 的原形動詞 是 be

有關「不定詞」和「動名詞」的用法,請參考「不定詞」和「動名詞」單元。

但有關「動名詞」和「不定詞」當「主詞」用,及用虛構主詞 it 代替「不定詞」或「動名詞」的部分,除參考相關網頁外,在此另加說明如下:

「動名詞」和「不定詞」都可以用來當做「主詞」用,如:

1. Finding a good house isn't easy. (找一棟好房子不容易。)
2. To find a good house isn't easy.

就放在句首位置來說,例句 1 比較常用。例句 2 常被改為:

3. It isn't easy to find a good house.
「真主詞」to find a good house 被移到句尾的部分,原來句首的位置被一個「假的主詞it 所代替了。而例句 1 雖然也可以改為:

4. It isn't easy finding a good house.
但這是種「非常不正式」的表達方式,不建議使用。所以第 11 題以選B為最適當答案;第二部分的第 (1) 格填 Eating 或 To eat 均可,但以 Eating 較常用。

有關當主詞的部分,還有一項必要的說明,即放在句首當主詞用的動作「只有一個字」時,強烈建議用「動名詞」的形式,此時用「不定詞」雖不可說是錯,但卻是非常非常地少見,故第一部分的第 9 題,仍以用 Smoking 為宜。(見 Susan M. Reinhart 著,2003 年再版之 Testing Your Grammar