有些動詞很固定地和某個介詞連結使用,形成某一特定意思,和「形容詞與介詞」一樣,對台灣的學生來說,是件勞煩的事,建議先記好底下幾個介詞的基本意思:
for:為了
to:表示動作的方向
with:和;伴隨;用
at:對準某個目標人 / 物
from:從
當然並不是說,所有的動詞後僅跟著這幾個介詞,只是說依上述四個的基本意思記下,在記憶這種動詞片語上,應會有較大的幫助。
註 1:所謂的「介副詞」是指像 out/off/in/on 等等,動詞和這些「介副詞」連用結合成一特定意思時,它們的「受詞」是不一定要放在「介副詞」之後的。
註 2:「介詞」後面的「人稱代名詞」,記得要改成「受格」。
底下是針對國中 1,200 個單詞中,有和介詞形成一特定意思之動詞片語,依字母順序作一個整理:
agree with 人/事:同意。例 If she feeel you are right, she will agree with you.
arrive at/in 地方:抵達。例 What time does the plane arrive in Hualien?
ask for 事/物:要求;索求。例 When you grow up, you'll find it is hard to ask for help.
ask 人 for 事/物:向 (人) 索求 (物)。例 The teacher asks John for his report again and again.
belong to:屬於。例 This house belongs to that old man.
borrow 物 from 人:向/從 (人) 借 (物)。例 Helen borrowed a bike from her best friend, Judy. 。本片語必須要和 "lend 物 to 人" 作比較。
bring 物 for/to 人:帶 (物) 給 (人)。例 The father bought a watch for/to her daughter.
bring 物/人 with 人 :將 (物/人) 帶在 (人) 身邊。例 It's strange that Robert always brings a tape recorder with him.
buy 物 for 人:買 (物) 給 (人)。例 The father bought a watch for her daughter.
care about:關心。例 She only cares about her son.
die of:死於‧‧‧。例 He died of cancer.
decide on 物/人:(在仔細思考後) 決定選擇 (物/人)。例 Have you decided on the person who joins the meeting?
dream of/about:夢想‧‧‧;希望‧‧‧。例 The students dreams of being a doctor when he grows up.
fill with:充滿著‧‧‧。例 After leaving her boyfriend, her eyes filled with tears (眼淚).
be filled with:充滿著‧‧‧;= be full of ...。例 His room is full of comic books and story books.
get up:起床。例 We all get up at six every morning.
get to 地方:到達。和 "arrive at/in 地方",屬於比較不正式的講法。例 What time will you get to Taipei tomorrow?
get into:進入。例 You'll find the student if you get into the Internet Cafe.
get on the Internet:去上網。例 How often do you get on the Internet in a week?
get in/into a car/a taxi/a small boat:上 (小車/船)。例 I found my wallet was stolen when I got into my car.
get out of a car/a taxi/a small boat:下 (小車/船)。例 Both of us got out of the taxi when we arrived at the supermarket.
get on/onto a train/a bus/a plane/a ship/a bike/ a motorcycle/a horse: 上 (火車/公車/飛機/大船/腳踏車/機車/馬)。例 Everyone has to buy a ticket before getting on the train.
get off a train/a bus/a plane/a ship/a bike/ a motorcycle/a horse: 下 (火車/公車/飛機/大船/腳踏車/機車/馬)。例 We will get off the bus in 20 minutes.
give 物 to 人:像 give/send/sell 等「授予動詞」,「物」放在前時,在「人」前需加 to,詳情請見參考網頁。 例 Tom's father gave him an MP3 player as his birthday present.
give up:放棄。例 Great people succeed because they never give up.
go/come/run/walk/drive ... to 地方:去/來/跑/走路/開車 往 (地方)。She goes to school early every morning.
go on:1. (事件) 發生,例 What's going on here?;2. 繼續,例 He didn't say anything. He just went on doing his work.
knock on/at 物:敲 (物)。例 Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
laugh at:嘲笑。例 Do not laugh at that poor girl. Instead, you should try to help her.
leave for 地方:動身前往 (地方)。例 Mr. Lin is ready to leave for Japan.
lend 物 to 人:借 (物) 給 (人)。例 Helen's best friend, Judy, lent a bike to her.。本片語必須要和 "borrow 物 from 人" 作比較。
listen to:傾聽;注意聽。例 Listen to the music carefully and guess who is the writer of it.
look at:注視;盯著看。例 She is looking at your picture of the white rabbit.
look around:左右環視。例 Don't just stand there and look around. Come over to help him.
look for:尋找。例 I'm looking for my watch. Did you see it?
look after:照顧。和 take care of 同義。例 Parents have to look after their children well.
move to 地方:搬到 (地方)。例 The Green family is going to move to Hsinchu.
pay (人) for 物:付 $ 買 (物)。例 Let me pay for the meal this time.
pay in cash 和 pay by credit card:例 Are you paying in cash or by credit card?
pick up :撿起。相反詞是 put down。例 You have to pick up the garbage to keep here clean.
prepare for 事/物:準備。例 He is preparing for the test tomorrow.
pray to 人 for 事/物:為了 (事) 向 (人) 禱告。例 She is praying to God for rain.
put down:放下。相反詞是 pick up。例 Put down the knife. It's dangerous.
put on:穿上;戴上。相反詞是 take off。例 Put on this hat. It's cold outside.
repeat after 人:跟在 (人) 之後複誦。例 Repeat the sentence after me twice.
sell 物 to 人:賣 (物) 給 (人)。例 He sold his car to his neighbor.
send 物 to 人:送 (物) 給 (人)。例 He sent 99 roses and chocolate to his girlfriend on her birthday.
shout at 人:向 (人) 咆哮。例 She shouted at Bill because he closed the door noisily.
say/speak/talk to 人:向 (人) 說。例 Your brother said/spoke/talked to me that he wouldn't come back before six o'clock.
take 物/人 with 人:將 (物/人) 帶在身邊。例 We'll take a camera with us when we go to the U.S.
take 物 to 人:帶 (物) 給 (人)。例 He will take some flowers to his favorite singer.
take 物/人 to 地方:帶 (物/人) 到 (地方)。例 My father often took me to the beach when I was young.
take off:脫掉。和 put on 互為相反詞。例 Please take off your hat before getting into the living room.
thank 人 for 事/物:為 (事/物) 感謝 (人)。例 I have to thank your uncle for this nice book.
think about:思考;思索;想起(人)。例 I'm thinking about the question you asked this afternoon.
think of:想到;考慮到。例 You're a considerate man. You always think of others.
turn on:打開 (電源)。例 Would you turn on the light? It's getting dark here.
turn off:關掉 (電源)。例 If you don't watch TV any more, please turn it off.
wait for:等待。例 We've waited for Bob for thirty minutes.
worry about:擔心;煩惱。例 Don't worry about her. She will be fine and come back later.
write to 人:寫 (信) 給 (人)。例 Mrs. Kong writes an e-mail to her daughter and son every week. |