國中英語文法單元診斷測驗
 
 
 

動詞 + 介詞/介副詞

「動詞 + 介詞」數量很多,且有些動詞後應接哪一個「介詞」或「介副詞」,是很有彈性的,故本診斷測驗僅限於以單題式填充方式呈現,學生在作答時,應理解句子的意 思,從上、下文中判斷,到底應用哪一個「介詞」或「介副詞」。本單元後,附有說明檔──「試題解析」,按相關連結後,即可了解正確用法。若有其它問題,請 按每頁所附 e-mail 信箱連絡。

單題式填充題:請依上、下文意,填入適當介詞或介副詞,以使全句通順。

1. Please remember to bring a coke     Sue.

2. You can get     the Internet and get the book you need on line.

3. Thank you     your oranges. They are my favorite fruit.

4. The students should wait     their teacher before they can go home.

5. Students usually care     their grades on tests.

6. Don't take anything that belongs     that woman over there.

7. The poor man caught a bad cold three days ago, and he died     it today.

8. You have to fill the bottle     water, not oil.

9. Everyone dreams     having a robot to do anything for them.

10. Please call me when you arrive     Taichung.

11. Finally, he lent some money     the poor man.

12. He often shouts     children, so they are afraid of him.

13. After finishing the work, I'll take a plane and leave     my hometown, Taiwan.

14. Your daughter can't study well because you often laugh     her.

15. Get     the plane quickly. It'll fly away in ten minutes.

16. Would you please help me to look     my notebook? I can't remember where I put it.

17. Look     the picture carefully. Where are the two dogs? Can you find them?

18. When the policeman arrived, he looked     the house here and there first, and then he asked Mr. White several questions about the case.

19. I have to borrow some books     the school library because I want to write my report about rabbits.

20. Have you prepared     the trip to Green Island tomorrow?

21. Mr. Hsiao likes to take his family     the mountains on holidays.

22. After a long discussion (討論), we still haven't decided     the place for our picnic.

23. The only way to learn a new language well is not to give     easily.

24. Stop knocking     the table. This is a library. You should keep quiet.

25. Mrs. Lin: I need someone to look     my baby. Would you help me? I'd like to go shopping for a while?
Ella: Sure.

26. In the church, the mother is praying to God     her husband's safety.

27. I like to listen     Jay's songs when I'm free.

28. You can take     your jacket. The weather is getting warmer.

29. I can't see clearly, so I have to put     my glasses.

30. The students have to take an umbrella     them because it looks like rain.

31. I like turning     the light while I sleep. I can't fall in sleep if it's bright.

32. During the test, you have to repeat     the CD player first, and write down what you hear.

33. Mary usually sends some money     her mother on Mother's Day.

34. The Gao family moved     Tainan last month.

35. The little boy usually runs     school every morning. So, he's never late.

36.Yesterday, when a dog tried to attack (攻擊) John, he picked     a stone and threw at it.

37. Put     the books on the desk, and come to help me, please.

 

動詞 + 介詞/介副詞使用說明

有些動詞很固定地和某個介詞連結使用,形成某一特定意思,和「形容詞與介詞」一樣,對台灣的學生來說,是件勞煩的事,建議先記好底下幾個介詞的基本意思:

for:為了
to:表示動作的方向
with:和;伴隨;用
at:對準某個目標人 / 物
from:從

當然並不是說,所有的動詞後僅跟著這幾個介詞,只是說依上述四個的基本意思記下,在記憶這種動詞片語上,應會有較大的幫助。

註 1:所謂的「介副詞」是指像 out/off/in/on 等等,動詞和這些「介副詞」連用結合成一特定意思時,它們的「受詞」是不一定要放在「介副詞」之後的。

註 2:「介詞」後面的「人稱代名詞」,記得要改成「受格」。

底下是針對國中 1,200 個單詞中,有和介詞形成一特定意思之動詞片語,依字母順序作一個整理:

agree with 人/事:同意。例 If she feeel you are right, she will agree with you.

arrive at/in 地方:抵達。例 What time does the plane arrive in Hualien?

ask for 事/物:要求;索求。例 When you grow up, you'll find it is hard to ask for help.
ask 人 for 事/物:向 (人) 索求 (物)。例 The teacher asks John for his report again and again.

belong to:屬於。例 This house belongs to that old man.

borrow 物 from 人:向/從 (人) 借 (物)。例 Helen borrowed a bike from her best friend, Judy. 。本片語必須要和 "lend 物 to 人" 作比較。

bring 物 for/to 人:帶 (物) 給 (人)。例 The father bought a watch for/to her daughter.
bring 物/人 with 人 :將 (物/人) 帶在 (人) 身邊。例 It's strange that Robert always brings a tape recorder with him.

buy 物 for 人:買 (物) 給 (人)。例 The father bought a watch for her daughter.

care about:關心。例 She only cares about her son.

die of:死於‧‧‧。例 He died of cancer.

decide on 物/人:(在仔細思考後) 決定選擇 (物/人)。例 Have you decided on the person who joins the meeting?

dream of/about:夢想‧‧‧;希望‧‧‧。例 The students dreams of being a doctor when he grows up.

fill with:充滿著‧‧‧。例 After leaving her boyfriend, her eyes filled with tears (眼淚).
be filled with:充滿著‧‧‧;= be full of ...。例 His room is full of comic books and story books.

get up:起床。例 We all get up at six every morning.
get to 地方:到達。和 "arrive at/in 地方",屬於比較不正式的講法。例 What time will you get to Taipei tomorrow?
get into:進入。例 You'll find the student if you get into the Internet Cafe.
get on the Internet:去上網。例 How often do you get on the Internet in a week?

get in/into a car/a taxi/a small boat:上 (小車/船)。例 I found my wallet was stolen when I got into my car.
get out of a car/a taxi/a small boat:下 (小車/船)。例 Both of us got out of the taxi when we arrived at the supermarket.

get on/onto a train/a bus/a plane/a ship/a bike/ a motorcycle/a horse: 上 (火車/公車/飛機/大船/腳踏車/機車/馬)。例 Everyone has to buy a ticket before getting on the train.
get off a train/a bus/a plane/a ship/a bike/ a motorcycle/a horse: 下 (火車/公車/飛機/大船/腳踏車/機車/馬)。例 We will get off the bus in 20 minutes.

give 物 to 人:像 give/send/sell 等「授予動詞」,「物」放在前時,在「人」前需加 to,詳情請見參考網頁。 例 Tom's father gave him an MP3 player as his birthday present.
give up:放棄。例 Great people succeed because they never give up.

go/come/run/walk/drive ... to 地方:去/來/跑/走路/開車 往 (地方)。She goes to school early every morning.
go on:1. (事件) 發生,例 What's going on here?;2. 繼續,例 He didn't say anything. He just went on doing his work.

knock on/at 物:敲 (物)。例 Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.

laugh at:嘲笑。例 Do not laugh at that poor girl. Instead, you should try to help her.

leave for 地方:動身前往 (地方)。例 Mr. Lin is ready to leave for Japan.

lend 物 to 人:借 (物) 給 (人)。例 Helen's best friend, Judy, lent a bike to her.。本片語必須要和 "borrow 物 from 人" 作比較。

listen to:傾聽;注意聽。例 Listen to the music carefully and guess who is the writer of it.

look at:注視;盯著看。例 She is looking at your picture of the white rabbit.
look around:左右環視。例 Don't just stand there and look around. Come over to help him.
look for:尋找。例 I'm looking for my watch. Did you see it?
look after:照顧。和 take care of 同義。例 Parents have to look after their children well.

move to 地方:搬到 (地方)。例 The Green family is going to move to Hsinchu.

pay (人) for 物:付 $ 買 (物)。例 Let me pay for the meal this time.
pay in cash 和 pay by credit card:例 Are you paying in cash or by credit card?

pick up :撿起。相反詞是 put down。例 You have to pick up the garbage to keep here clean.

prepare for 事/物:準備。例 He is preparing for the test tomorrow.

pray to 人 for 事/物:為了 (事) 向 (人) 禱告。例 She is praying to God for rain.

put down:放下。相反詞是 pick up。例 Put down the knife. It's dangerous.
put on
:穿上;戴上。相反詞是 take off。例 Put on this hat. It's cold outside.

repeat after 人:跟在 (人) 之後複誦。例 Repeat the sentence after me twice.

sell 物 to 人:賣 (物) 給 (人)。例 He sold his car to his neighbor.

send 物 to 人:送 (物) 給 (人)。例 He sent 99 roses and chocolate to his girlfriend on her birthday.

shout at 人:向 (人) 咆哮。例 She shouted at Bill because he closed the door noisily.

say/speak/talk to 人:向 (人) 說。例 Your brother said/spoke/talked to me that he wouldn't come back before six o'clock.

take 物/人 with 人:將 (物/人) 帶在身邊。例 We'll take a camera with us when we go to the U.S.
take 物 to 人:帶 (物) 給 (人)。例 He will take some flowers to his favorite singer.
take 物/人 to 地方:帶 (物/人) 到 (地方)。例 My father often took me to the beach when I was young.
take off:脫掉。和 put on 互為相反詞。例 Please take off your hat before getting into the living room.

thank 人 for 事/物:為 (事/物) 感謝 (人)。例 I have to thank your uncle for this nice book.

think about:思考;思索;想起(人)。例 I'm thinking about the question you asked this afternoon.

think of:想到;考慮到。例 You're a considerate man. You always think of others.

turn on:打開 (電源)。例 Would you turn on the light? It's getting dark here.
turn off:關掉 (電源)。例 If you don't watch TV any more, please turn it off.

wait for:等待。例 We've waited for Bob for thirty minutes.

worry about:擔心;煩惱。例 Don't worry about her. She will be fine and come back later.

write to:寫 (信) 給 (人)。例 Mrs. Kong writes an e-mail to her daughter and son every week.