§ Numeral & Quantitative Adjective

形容詞有多種，現在介紹數形容詞 Numeral Adjective
和量形容詞 Quantitative Adjective。

什麼是數形容詞？數形容詞是形容可數事物的數量的形容詞。

什麼是量形容詞？量形容詞是形容不可數事物的分量的形容詞。

常見的數形容詞和量形容詞有：

數形容詞和量形容詞的分別：
         
  1. 數形容詞所形容的名詞是：(1)可數的；(2)要用複數。
  2. 量形容詞所形容的名詞是：(1)不可數的；(2)要用單數。

1. any 和 some

 (1)作數形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  Have you any oranges?
         
  Have you some oranges?﹝期待肯定的答案，疑問句用"some"﹞
         
  Yes, I have some oranges.
         
  No, I have not any oranges.
         
  * 疑問句用"any"或"some"皆可；肯定句用"some"；否定句用"any"。

 (2) 作量形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  Have you any rice?
         
  Have you some rice? ﹝期待肯定的答案，疑問句用"some"﹞
         
  Yes, I have some rice.
         
  No, I have not any rice.
         
  * 疑問句用"any"或"some"皆可；肯定句用"some"；否定句用"any"。

  We must get it at any price.
  ﹝無論任何代價，我們都要得到它。﹞

2. all

 (1) 作數形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  All the chickens in the cage are yours.

 (2) 作量形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  All the rice in the bag is mine.

3. no

 (1) 作數形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  He has no books.

  * "He has no book."亦可，"no"後可用單數。

  He has no brothers.

 (2) 作量形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  He drinks no wine.

  He has no money.

  He has no hope.

4. enough

 (1) 作數形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  Have you enough cents?
         
  Have you cents enough?
         
  Yes, I have enough cents.
         
  Yes, I have cents enough.
         
  No, I have not enough cents.
         
  No, I have not cents enough.

  * "enough"在被形容的名詞之前或後皆可。

 (2) 作量形容詞
         
 例如：
         
  Have you enough money?
         
  Have you money enough?
         
  Yes, I have enough money.
         
  Yes, I have money enough.
         
  No, I have not enough money.
         
  No, I have not money enough.

5. many 和 much
         
 例如：
         
  Many boys play ball in the garden.

  Much boys play ball in the garden. ﹝錯誤﹞

  *"boys"是可數名詞，只能用"many"來形容，不能用"much"來形容。

  Mary has much money.

  Mary has many money. ﹝錯誤﹞

  *"money"是不可數名詞，只能用"much"來形容，不能用"many"來形容。

  How many bottles of wine do you drink?

  *"how"是疑問副詞。

  How much wine do you drink?

6. few 和 little
         
 例如：
         
  He is a man of few words.﹝他是個寡言的人。﹞

  Few people know his name.﹝沒有什麼人知道他的名字。﹞

  I have few good friends.﹝我沒有什麼好朋友。﹞

  * I have a few good friends.﹝我有幾個好朋友。﹞﹝"few"作名詞用﹞

  I have little money.﹝我沒有多少錢。﹞

  He drinks little wine.﹝他沒有飲多少酒。﹞

  * He drinks a little wine.﹝他飲一些酒。﹞﹝"little"作名詞用﹞ 

7. several
         
 例如：
         
  My teacher has several good fountain-pens.

  *"several"意指三至六個。

練習

翻譯：

1. 你有一些日文書嗎？
2. 好人多朋友。
3. 這麵包師有足夠的麵粉嗎？
4. 那人沒有米。
5. 他沒有什麼好書。
6. 甕中所有米都是她的嗎？
7. 有些人不吃豬肉。
8. 那個農夫飲很多酒嗎？
9. 那個農夫沒有牛嗎？
10. 我有幾本書。