英文課程
 
 
Lesson 45 : Conjunction

§ Coordinate Conjunction

英文單詞可分十類,其中一類是連詞 Conjunction。
什麼是連詞?
連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語或句子與句子的詞。

根據所連接的項目是否「平等」,連詞可分兩種:

 1. 對等連詞 Coordinate Conjunction
    例如:and, or, but, as well as, not only...but also,...
 2. 從屬連詞 Subordinate Conjunction
    例如:because, if, after, before, as soon as,...

現在介紹對等連詞。

1. not only...but (also)...

 "not only A but also B"

 意思是:不但 A,而且 B。

※ (1) A與B所用的詞要同一類型;
   (2) 著重B。

例如:

  He is not only brave but also wise.

  The thief not only stole her money but also her jewels.
  
  錯!因為A與B所用的詞不同類型!
  應改為:
  
  The thief stole not only her money but also her jewels.

  The robber not only killed his wife but also took his 
  money.

  有毛病!照常理,「殺妻子」比「取金錢」更重要!
  應改為:

  The robber not only took his money but also killed his
  wife.

2. both...and...

 "both A and B"

 意思是:A 並且 B。

※ (1) A與B要同一類型;
   (2) 同樣著重A及B;
   (3) 單單 "and" 本已足夠,"both" 加強語氣。

例如:

  We both love and honor him.

  Both you and I are students.

  He is both a soldier and a poet.

3. as well as

 "A as well as B"

 意思是:除了 B,還有 A。
※ (1) A與B要同一類型;
   (2) 著重A;
   (3) 動詞以A為準。

例如:

  John as well as you is my bosom friend.

  He gave me advice as well as money.

  The teacher as well as students wants a holiday.

4. either...or...

 "either A or B"

 意思是:不是 A,就是 B。
※ (1) A與B要同一類型;
   (2) 著重B;
   (3) 動詞以B為準。

例如:
  Either you or he is a thief.

  Either come in or go out.

  He is either sick or lazy.

5. neither...nor...

 "neither A or B"

 意思是:既不是 A,亦不是 B。
※ (1) A與B要同一類型;
   (2) 著重B;
   (3) 動詞以B為準。

例如:

  Neither I nor he knows it.

  He neither knows nor cares what happened.

  He liked neither this one nor that one.

6. whether...or...

 "whether A or B"

 意思是:或者A,或者B。

※ (1) A與B不必定要同一類型;
   (2) 同樣著重A及B。

例如:
  I wonder whether we shall be in time for the last bus 
  or we shall have to walk home.

  I do not care whether you go or stay.

  Tell me whether he is at home or at the office.

練習

翻譯:

1. 她既愛他又恨他。
2. 他不是日本人,就是中國人。
3. 他既不飲酒亦不抽煙。
4. 你和我都不能做這件事。
5. 她除了能說英語還能說法語。
6. 他和她都死了。
7. 你和我都不快樂。
8. 不管成功或失敗,他都必須盡力而為。
9. 約翰和湯姆同樣愛上瑪麗。
10. 她不但美麗而且聰明。