¡± Auxiliary
Verb
³q±`§ÚÌ©Ò»¡ªº°Êµü¡A¦h¬O«ü¤@¯ë°Êµü Ordinary Verb¡A§Y¬O¤Îª«
°Êµü©M¤£¤Îª«°Êµü¡C¦ý°£¤F¤@¯ë°Êµü¥~¡AÁÙ¦³¤@ºØ¯S§Oªº°Êµü¢w¢w
§U°Êµü Auxiliary Verb¡C
¤°»ò¬O§U°Êµü¡H§U°Êµü»Ýn»P¤@¯ë°Êµü¦P¥Î¡AÀ°§U»¡©ú¤@¯ë°Êµüªº
®ÉºA tense¡B»yºA voice ©Î±¡ºA model¡C
·í§U°Êµü»P¤@¯ë°Êµü¦P¥Î®É¡A¤@¯ë°Êµün¥Îì§Î Root Form¡C
¤°»ò¬O¤@¯ë°Êµüªºì§Î¡H¤@¯ë°Êµü¦³¥|Ó¥Dn§Î¦¡¡G
1. ²{¦b¦¡ Present Tense Form
2. ²{¦b¤Àµü Present Participle¡£Â²ºÙ pr.p¡¤
3. ¹L¥h¦¡ Past Tense Form
4. ¹L¥h¤Àµü Past Participle¡£Â²ºÙ p.p¡¤
¤@¯ë°Êµüªº²{¦b¦¡´N¬O¤@¯ë°Êµüªºì§Î¡C
¨Ò¦p¡G
²{¦b¦¡
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²{¦b¤Àµü
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¹L¥h¦¡
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¹L¥h¤Àµü
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go
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going
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went
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gone
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play
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playing
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played
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played
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go ©M play ´N¬O¤@¯ë°Êµüªºì§Î¡C
¥H¤U¤¶²Ð¤@¨Ç±`¥Îªº§U°Êµü¡G
1. do ©M does¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u§_©w¡v©M´£¥X¡uºÃ°Ý¡v
(a) »¡©ú¡u§_©w¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
I go. ·N«ä¬O§Ú¥h¡A¦pªG·Qªí¹F§Ú¤£¥h¡A«ç¼Ë»¡©O¡H
¥j¥Nªº¤è¦¡¡GI go not.
¡£§Y¦b°Êµü«á¥["not"¡A"not"¬O°Æµü ¡C¡¤
* °Æµü¬O§Î®e°Êµü¡B§Î®eµü¡B¨ä¥L°Æµü©Î¾ãÓ¥y¤lªºµü¡C
²{¤µªº¤è¦¡¡GI do not go.
¡£¥["do"À°§U»¡©ú§_©w¡C¡¤
¨ä¥L¨Ò¤l¡G
You go.
You do not go.
He goes
He does not go.
* ²Ä¤@¨©M²Ä¤G¨¥Îdo¡A²Ä¤T¨¥Î does¡C
The boy plays ball.
The boy does not play ball.
* ªí¥Ü¡uª±²y¡v®É¡A²yÃþ³o¨Ç¦r²´«e±¤£¥Î¥[«aµü¡C
(b) ´£¥XºÃ°Ý
¨Ò¦p¡G
You go. ·N«ä¬O§A¥h¡A¦pªG·Q°Ý§A¬O§_¥h¡A«ç¼Ë»¡©O¡H
¥j¥Nªº¤è¦¡¡GGo you?¡£±N°Êµü¸m©ó¥D»y¤§«e¡C¡¤
²{¤µªº¤è¦¡¡GDo you go?¡£¥["do"À°§U´£¥XºÃ°Ý¡C¡¤
He goes.
Does he go?
The boy eats an orange.
Does the boy eat an orange?
ªþ¿ý¡G¡u¥j¤è©M¤µ¤è¡v
²{¥N^¤å°£¤F¥Î¤µ¤è¥~¡AÁÙ«O¯d¥j¤è¡C
¨Ò¦p¡G
You are a teacher.
§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¥Î¥j¤è¡G
Are you a teacher?
Yes, I am a teacher.
No, I am not a teacher.
He plays ball.
§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¥Î¤µ¤è¡G
Does he play ball?
Yes, he plays ball.
No, he does not play ball.
You have a dog.
§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¥Î¥j¤è¡G
Have you a dog?
Yes, I have a dog.
No, I have not a dog.
¥ç¥i¥Î¤µ¤è¡G
Do you have a dog?
Yes, I have a dog.
No, I do not have a dog.
Y¥Î¥j¤è°Ý¡A«h¥Î¥j¤èµª¡FY¥Î¤µ¤è°Ý¡A«h¥Î¤µ¤èµª¡C
¤pµ²¡G
1. §t am, are, is ³oÃþ¤@¯ë°Êµüªº¥y¤l¡A·í§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¤@«ß
¥Î¥j¤è¡C
2. §t have, has ³oÃþ¤@¯ë°Êµüªº¥y¤l¡A·í§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¥Î¥j¤è
©Î¤µ¤è¬Ò¥i¡C
3. §t¨ä¤@¯ë°Êµüªº¥y¤l¡A·í§ï¦¨ºÃ°Ý¥y®É¡A¤@«ß¥Î¤µ¤è¡C
2. can¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u¯à°÷¡v©Î¡u¥i¥H¡v
(a) »¡©ú¡u¯à°÷¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Can you speak English?¡£§A¯à°÷»¡^»y¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes,I can speak English.¡£§Ú¯à°÷»¡^»y¡C¡¤
No, I cannot speak English.¡£§Ú¤£¯à»¡^»y¡C¡¤
No, I can not speak English.
* Yes ©M No ¦b³oùجO×¹¢¾ãÓ¥y¤lªº°Æµü¡C
* cannot ·í§@¤@Óµü¡Acan not ·í§@¨âÓµü¡C
(b) »¡©ú¡u¥i¥H¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Can I go home?¡£§Ú¥i¥H¦^®a¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, you can go home.¡£§A¥i¥H¦^®a¡C¡¤
No, you cannot go home.¡£§A¤£¥i¥H¦^®a¡C¡¤
No, you can not go home.
* home ¬O°Æµü¡A×¹¢ go ³oӰʵü¡C
3. may¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u¥i¥H¡v©Î¡u¤]³\¡v
(a) »¡©ú¡u¥i¥H¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
May I go?¡£§Ú¥i¥H¥h¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, you may go.¡£§A¥i¥H¥h¡C¡¤
No, you may not go.¡£§A¤£¥i¥H¥h¡C¡¤
No, you cannot go.
No, you must not go.
(b) »¡©ú¡u¤]³\¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Will it rain?¡£±N¤U«B¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, it may rain.¡£¤]³\¤U«B¡C¡¤
No, it may not rain.¡£¤]³\¤£¤U«B
4. must¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u¥²¶·¡v©Î¡u¤@©w¡v
(a) »¡©ú¡u¥²¶·¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Must I go?¡£§Ú¥²¶·¥h¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, you must go.¡£§A¥²¶·¥h¡C¡¤
No, you need not go.¡£§A¤£¥²¥h¡C¡¤
(b) »¡©ú¡u¤@©w¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Will it rain?¡£±N¤U«B¶Ü¡H¡¤
It must rain.¡£¤@©w¤U«B¡C¡¤
It cannot rain.¡£¨M¤£¤U«B¡C¡¤
5. need¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u»Ýn¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Need the boy work?¡£³o¨k«Ä»Ýn¤u§@¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, the boy must work.¡£³o¨k«Ä¥²¶·¤u§@¡C¡¤
No, the boy need not work.¡£³o¨k«Ä¤£¥²¤u§@¡C¡¤
¸É¥R»¡©ú¡G"need"°£¤F¥Î§@§U°Êµü¥~¡AÁÙ¥i¥H§@¤@¯ë°Êµü¨Ï¥Î¡C
¨Ò¦p¡G
Does he need to come?
Yes, he needs to come.
No, he does not need to come.
* "to come"¬O¤£©wµü infinitive¡A«á±¦³±Ôz¡C
6.
dare¡GÀ°§U»¡©ú¡u´±¡v
¨Ò¦p¡G
Dare he jump?¡£¥L´±¸õ¶Ü¡H¡¤
Yes, he dares to jump.¡£¥L´±¸õ¡C¡¤
No, he dare not jump. ¡£¥L¤£´±¸õ¡C¡¤
* ¦pªGµª®×¬OªÖ©wªº¡A"dare"¤£¯à¥Î§@§U°Êµü¡A¤@©wn§@¤@¯ë°Êµü¨Ï¥Î¡C
¦pªGµª®×¬O§_ªº¡A"dare"¤~¯à§@§U°Êµü¨Ï¥Î¡C
¸É¥R»¡©ú¡G"dare"°£¤F¥Î§@§U°Êµü¥~¡AÁÙ¥i¥H§@¤@¯ë°Êµü¨Ï¥Î¡C
¨Ò¦p¡G
Does he dare to jump?
Yes, he dares to jump.
No, he does not dare to jump.
½m²ß
½Ķ¡G
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2. ³o¤KÓ¨k«Ä¥i§_ª±²y©O¡H
3. ³o¤TӾǥͥ²¶·¾Ç²ß^¤å©M¤¤¤å¶Ü¡H
4. ³o¨âӦѤH¯à´åªa¶Ü¡H
5. ³oÓ¨k¤H»Ýn¤u§@¶Ü¡H
6. §A´±´åªa¶Ü¡H
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